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Ancient Civilizations
Ancient History

Lists

Anthropology (Social Sciences)
Archaeology Search (ArchNet)
Archaeology and Anthropology Resources (Beaudoin)
Archaeology by Region (ArchNet)
Archaeology by Subject (ArchNet)
Cleveland Museum of Art
Provides anthropology resources.
Prehistory (Mautz)

Provides links to people, places, and events. Ties resources into links in the arts related to the same time periods and places.

Materials

Egypt - Egyptian Mummies
France - Paleolithic Painted Cave at Vallon-Pont d'Arc
Peru - Peruvian Mummies (NOVA)
Prehistoric Art (State Hermitage Museum)

Provides samples of art from prehistoric to medieval times.

Papers

Aegyptopithecus
Provides a picture of the skull of an ape-like species from 36.6 - 23.7 million years ago.
Americans - First Americans (Scientific American - Schurr)
Provides dozens of articles regarding when and how humans first inhabited the Americas. 1-00
Ancient Humans - Early Man (Donn)
Provides articles on Australopithecus, Homo Habilis, Homo Erectus and Homo Sapiens (Neanderthals, Cro-Magnon and Moderns).
Anthropology - Early Humans Timeline (Donn)
Provides a timeline covering the different species of humans.
Chinchorro Mummies Believed to be 8000 Years Old
Classification of Hominids - How They Are Classified (Foley)
Provides the criteria by which ancient fossils are classified as hominids or early humans.
Classification of Hominids - Timeline (Foley)
Provides a timeline of early humans with a short paragraph describing each species.
Classification of Hominids - What Has Been Found (Foley)
Provides a history of findings, what was found, and pictures of skulls of early humans.
Classification of Hominids 1a - Ardipithecus ramidus (Foley)
Provides a paragraph. Ramidus lived 4 - 5 million years ago and may be a link in human evolution.
Classification of Hominids 1b - Ardipithecus ramidus (PBS)
Provides a drawing and a paragraph. Also provides a timeline on human evolution. Ramidus lived 4 - 5 million years ago and may be a link in human evolution.
Classification of Hominids 1c - Australopithecus anamensis (Foley)
Provides a paragraph. Anamensis lived 4.2 - 3.9 million years ago and may be a link in human evolution.
Classification of Hominids 2 - Australopithecus afarensis (Washington State University)
Provides drawings and an article. Focuses on the famous fossil named Lucy. This species lived 4 - 2.7 million years ago.
Classification of Hominids 3 - Australopithecus africanus (Washington State University)
Provides drawings and an article. This species lived 3 - 2 million years ago.
Classification of Hominids 4 - Australopithecus robustus (Washington State University)
Provides fossils and an article. This species lived 2.2 - 1 million years ago.
Classification of Hominids 5 - Homo habilis (Washington State University)
Provides fossils and an article. This species lived 2.2 - 1.6 million years ago.
Classification of Hominids 6 - Homo erectus (Washington State University)
Provides fossils and an article. This species lived 2 - .4 million years ago.
Classification of Hominids 7 - Homo sapiens (archaic) (Washington State University)
Provides fossils and an article on the earliest evidence of our own species. This species lived 400,000 - 2000 years ago.
Classification of Hominids 8 - Homo sapiens neandertalensis (Washington State University)
Provides fossils and an article on the Neanderthal species, closely related to modern humans. This species lived 200,000 - 30,000 years ago.
Classification of Hominids 9 - Homo sapiens sapiens (Washington State University)
Provides fossils and an article on the modern human, dating back to 130,000 BCE.
Creationism - Argument For (Taylor)
Provides a religious argument for why the theory of evolution must be discarded in favor of a creationist point of view. 11-99
Creationism - Arguments Against (Foley)
Provides arguments against the creationist position that there is a clear dividing line between early human fossils and ape fossils. Also argues against the idea that insufficient physical evidence exists for ancient hominids.
Dating Artifacts - How Old Is It? (Scientific American - Schurr)
Describes radioactive carbon dating and how interpretations of results can vary widely. 1-00
Faces of Ancestors (Scientific American - Schurr)
Describes the history of constructing faces from skulls. 1-00
Genetic Anthropology (Scientific American - Schurr)
Describes how scientists trace human migrations by using mtDNA and Y chromosome markers. The focus is on the first migrations into the Americas. 1-00
Gigantopithecus (Pettifor)
Provides a drawing and an article. This species is considered to be an ape rather than a hominid.
How Do Mummies Survive?
Human Evolution Tree (Erwin)
Neanderthal Flute (Fink)
Provides a picture, essay, and news coverage of a flute made of a bone that is believed to be at least 43,000 years old, making it the world's oldest musical instrument.
Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology
Pre-History (Hos-McGrane)
Provides information about human origins, including Cro-Magnon, Neanderthal, and other early humans or hominids.
Proconsul africanus
Provides a picture of the skull of an ape-like species from 23.7 - 5.3 million years ago.
Scopes Evolution "Monkey" Trial (University of Virginia)
Timeline of Human Evolution (Washington State University)

Provides a proposed sequence of human evolution.

Research

Evolution - Research on Mechanisms (Nature - Gee)
Provides results of research to understand how species diverge over time. 5-00